近年来新冠疫情等原因放缓了经济发展的步伐，行业间竞争激烈，消费者需求的多变给制造业企业的发展带来了很多不确定性。企业面对的威胁不仅仅是同行的竞争,经营环境的恶化也增加了企业发生财务风险的可能。风险不可能完全消除，但通过科学的方法可以较大限度的减少风险带来的损失，使损失控制在企业能够承受的范围。因此，企业想要在激烈的竞争市场保持旺盛的生命力，并且不断发展壮大，就必须加强企业财务风险防范意识，逐步完善相关财务指标，加强企业财务风险评价体系的建设，努力构建科学的企业财务风险评价体系。

       本文采用定性和定量分析相结合的层次分析法，建立A公司财务风险评价体系，确定各项财务指标权重，通过功效系数法计算出A公司财务风险值，分析A企业风险控制的关键点，本文按照风险识别、风险评价、风险应对的思路，开展A公司的财务风险研究。并针对可能给A公司带来的财务风险的负面影响提出有效的财务风险控制措施。首先，介绍财务风险评价研究的国内外现状及相关概念、理论知识。然后，通过A公司各项财务指标分析，识别A公司在营运能力、偿债能力、盈利能力、发展能力方面的财务风险，并与同行业进行对比分析。根据A公司实际经营状况及企业特征，建立基于层次分析法财务风险评价体系，采用功效系数法计算A公司2017-2021年财务风险评价得分，对A公司财务风险作出评价并进一步分析A 公司财务风险产生的原因。 最后，根据A公司财务风险评价结果，提出风险管理改善建议，为 A 公司控制财务风险，谋求持续健康发展奠定基础。

       本文以A公司2017-2021年五年财务数据为基础，通过分析得出以下结论：第一，A公司营运能力风险权重占比最大，虽然该指标在五年期间波动较大，但总体呈向好趋势发展，并针对波动最大的应收账款周转率指标提出了优化应收账款管理制度的具体建议。第二，A公司盈利能力指标较弱，企业的营业利润率和净利润率水平较低，建议企业在完善预算执行考核体系、保障预算执行力的同时，加强全面预算管理，全面有效控制业务预算和财务预算，多方面提升企业的财务风险承受能力和管理水平。

Recent years, the speed of economic development has been slowed by the Covid-19 epidemic and other reasons. The development of manufacturing enterprises faces many uncertainties. These uncertainties not only come from competition in the same industry, but also from the changing demands of consumers. Risks cannot be completely eliminated, but through scientific methods, the losses caused by risks can be greatly reduced and controlled within the range that the enterprise can bear. Therefore, if enterprises want to maintain strong vitality in the fiercely competitive market and continue to develop and grow, they must strengthen their awareness of financial risk prevention, gradually improve relevant financial indicators, strengthen the construction of enterprise financial risk evaluation system, and strive to build a scientific enterprise financial risk evaluation system.

This article uses the analytic hierarchy process combining qualitative and quantitative analysis to establish the financial risk evaluation system of Company A, determine the weight of various financial indicators, calculate the financial risk value of Company A through the efficiency coefficient method, and analyze the key points of risk control of Company A. This article conducts financial risk research of Company A based on the ideas of risk identification, risk evaluation, and risk response. It also proposes effective financial risk control measures for the potential negative impact of financial risks on Company A. First of all, it introduces the current domestic and international status, relevant concepts, and theoretical knowledge of financial risk assessment research. Then, through the analysis of various financial indicators of Company A, the financial risks about operating ability, solvency, profitability and development ability of Company A are identified. And compare and analyze these risks with the same industry. According to the actual operation status and enterprise characteristics of Company A, the financial risk evaluation system based on AHP is established. Finally, the efficiency coefficient method is used to calculate the financial risk evaluation score of Company A from 2017 to 2021. So we can analyze and discuss the reasons of the financial risks of Company A. And propose targeted improvement suggestions to control financial risks for Company A and lay the foundation for sustainable and healthy development.

Based on the five-year financial data of Company A from 2017 to 2021, this paper draws the following conclusions through analysis: Firstly, Company A has the highest proportion of operational capacity risk weight. Although this indicator has fluctuated significantly over the past five years, it has generally shown a positive trend. Specific suggestions for optimizing the accounts receivable management system have been proposed for the most volatile accounts receivable turnover rate indicator. Secondly, The profitability indicators of Company A are weak, and the operating profit margin and net profit margin of the enterprise are relatively low. It is recommended that the enterprise strengthen comprehensive budget management while improving the budget execution assessment system and ensuring budget execution ability, comprehensively and effectively control business and financial budgets, and improve the financial risk tolerance and management level of the enterprise in multiple aspects.

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