摘  要

装配式桥梁以快速施工、质量可控和环保效益显著的特点受到广泛关注，钢管混凝土桁架兼具钢材与混凝土的优点，表现出良好的承载能力和稳定性。二者的结合在桥梁工程领域具有良好的发展前景。然而，由于其结构复杂性和施工工艺的多样性，如何兼顾安全、高效、经济的要求来制定装配式钢管混凝土桁架梁桥的建造方案成为了现代桥梁工程的难题。因此本文聚焦于装配式钢管混凝土桁架梁桥建造问题，提出基于BIM和有限元分析方法的综合解决方案.依托数字模型，从参数设计、施工模拟与评价方法三个方面进行系统探讨，旨在为其推广应用提供全面的理论支撑和实践指导，主要研究内容如下。

（1）针对钢管混凝土桁架桥结构复杂性和参数影响不明确的设计难点，建立了基于有限元分析的全桥静力性能研究框架。通过分析高跨比、预应力布置、杆件尺寸等关键设计参数对桥梁静力性能的影响，揭示了参数变化对桥梁强度和刚度的影响程度。在此基础上，引入DFMA(面向制造和装配的设计)的拆分设计理念，结合BIM技术分级建立了钢管混凝土组合梁桥的参数化构件库，实现此种装配式桥梁构件的高效设计与自动拆分。

（2）为了比较不同施工方法对装配式钢混梁桥的适用程度，建立了基于BIM和有限元分析的施工过程模拟模型。通过模拟桥梁施工过程中的关键工况，特别关注预应力施加、灌注混凝土、预制节段拼装等环节，全面分析了施工方案对桥梁受力性能的影响，并对不同施工方法下桥梁的受力性能并进行了对比。

（3）为了科学评估桥梁建造方案，本研究还提出了一种针对装配式桥梁建造方案的多维度综合评价方法。综合考虑了技术性能、经济性能、环境影响和功能效益等多个方面建立三级评价体系，采用碳排放量量化了环境影响指标并验证了装配式桥梁的低碳优势。采用熵权法和IAHP法组合赋权，利用TOPSIS法进行方案得分计算。通过实际应用分析，得到了组合梁桥建造方案的指标权重和比选结果，验证该评价方法能够有效区分不同方案的优劣，指导实际工程的方案选择与优化。

本研究结果为装配式钢管混凝土桁架梁桥的建造方案提供了完整的设计-施工-评价流程，不仅在理论上深化了对钢管混凝土桁架桥在施工和成桥阶段受力机理的认识，验证了装配式桥梁在环境影响和施工速度方面的显著优势，也在实践上为装配式桥梁提供了可行的建造方案和评价方法。本研究有利于推动装配式钢管混凝土桁架梁桥的广泛应用，也为桥梁工程的智能化建造提供了新的思路和技术支持。

ABSTRACT

Prefabricated bridges have garnered widespread attention due to their advantages of rapid construction, controlled quality, and significant environmental benefits. Concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) trusses, combining the merits of steel and concrete, exhibit excellent load-bearing capacity and stability. The integration of these two technologies holds great promise in the field of bridge engineering. However, due to the structural complexity and diverse construction techniques involved, devising construction schemes for Prefabricated Concrete-filled Steel Tubular (CFST) Truss Girder Bridges that balance safety, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness remains a major challenge in modern bridge engineering. Therefore, this study focuses on the construction of Prefabricated CFST Truss Girder Bridges and proposes a comprehensive solution based on BIM and finite element analysis (FEA). Utilizing digital models, the research systematically explores parameter design, construction simulation, and evaluation methods to provide robust theoretical support and practical guidance for their widespread application. The main contents of this study are as follows:

(1) To address the design challenges posed by the structural complexity and unclear parameter effects of CFST truss bridges, a framework for static performance analysis of the entire bridge based on finite element analysis was established. By examining the impacts of key design parameters, such as span-to-depth ratio, prestress layout, and member dimensions, on the static performance of the bridge, the study reveals the mechanisms through which these parameters influence the strength and stiffness of the structure. On this basis, the concept of Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DFMA) was introduced to guide the segmentation of components, and a parameterized component library for CFST truss girder bridges was developed using BIM technology. This enabled efficient design and automated segmentation of components for this type of prefabricated bridge.

(2) In order to compare the applicability of different construction methods to prefabricated steel-concrete composite girder bridges, a construction process simulation model was developed based on BIM and finite element analysis. By simulating critical construction scenarios, such as prestress application, concrete infill, and prefabricated segment assembly, the study comprehensively analyzed the effects of construction schemes on the structural performance of the bridge and compared the performance under different construction methods.

(3) To scientifically evaluate bridge construction schemes, the study proposed a multidimensional evaluation method tailored for prefabricated bridge construction schemes. This method integrates technical performance, economic efficiency, environmental impact, and functional benefits into a three-level evaluation system. Environmental impact metrics were quantified using carbon emissions, thereby validating the low-carbon advantage of prefabricated bridges. By combining the entropy weight method and improved analytic hierarchy process (IAHP) for weight assignment and employing the TOPSIS method for scoring, the study conducted practical application analyses, derived indicator weights, and ranked various construction schemes. The results demonstrate the method's ability to effectively distinguish between schemes, providing valuable guidance for selecting and optimizing actual engineering solutions.

The findings of this study provide a comprehensive design-construction-evaluation workflow for the construction of Prefabricated CFST Truss Girder Bridges. The research not only deepens theoretical understanding of the mechanical behavior of these bridges during construction and service stages but also verifies the significant advantages of prefabricated bridges in terms of environmental impact and construction speed. Moreover, it offers practical construction schemes and evaluation methods for prefabricated bridges. This study contributes to the broader application of Prefabricated CFST Truss Girder Bridges and provides new perspectives and technological support for intelligent bridge construction.

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