随着全球化的不断深入，向世界展示源远流长、博大精深的中华文化势在必行。本文是一篇学术文本的翻译实践报告，所选翻译材料为《中华典籍外译研究》第二章。文本从宏观上介绍中国典籍外译的研究情况，让海外读者通过中国图书认识中国、了解中国、理解中国，从而切实提升文化软实力。通过对翻译反思回顾，分析语言特征，可发现译文中名词化现象显著，被动语态使用频繁，并含有大量复杂的定语修饰。结合翻译中遇到的困难，决定利用卡特福德的翻译转换理论，统计转换频次，解释翻译现象，并对学术文本翻译的普遍方法进行探讨。

       学术文本有其特有的语言风格，译者需要克服源语与目标语在形式上的不对应性，以确保精准传达原文本的信息。为了实现这一目标，译者需要在翻译过程中灵活运用各种技巧和策略，以弥补两种语言在形式上的差异。通过统计翻译材料中的转换，分析典型案例，可得到以下结论：（1）翻译转换在汉英翻译材料中频繁出现，不同类型的转换均有涉及，共计可达611种，在一定程度上说明转换理论在解释汉英翻译上具有一定的适用性。（2）层次转换发生在汉语与英语的不同语言层次之间，尤其以语法与词汇层次间的转换较为常见。（3）在范畴转换中，结构转换是最常见的转换类型，共计出现289次，占所有范畴转换的47%，主要是处理英汉翻译中不同结构引起的翻译问题。同时，类别转换和单位转换也占据一定的分量，分别为总数的25%和27%。（4）不同的转换现象并不是孤立的，同一案例也可以从不同的角度进行分析探讨。

       基于卡特福德的转换理论，本文对汉英翻译实践中的转换现象进行了分类统计，分析总结其常见表现形式和应用场合，从而确保翻译符合目标语言的规范和习惯，并准确地传达原文内容。通过统计数据和案例分析，认为转换理论在解释学术文本的汉译英过程具有较强的适用性。希望本报告中探讨的翻译策略和方法能够为日后的转换理论学术研究提供帮助和参考。

        With the continuous deepening of globalization, it is imperative to showcase the long-standing and profound Chinese culture to the world. This paper presents a translation practice report of an academic text, with the selected material being Chapter Two of Studies on the Translation of Chinese Classics. The text provides a macroscopic overview of the research on the translation of Chinese classics, enabling overseas readers to understand and appreciate China through Chinese books, thereby effectively enhancing cultural soft power. Through reflection on translation and analysis of language features, it is observed that nominalization is prominent in the translated text, passive voice is frequently used, and there are numerous complex attributive modifications. In light of the translation difficulties encountered, it is decided to utilize Catford’s theory of translation shifts to quantify shift frequencies, explain translation phenomena, and discuss general approaches to academic text translation.

       Academic texts possess unique linguistic styles, requiring translators to overcome formal disparities between the source and target languages to ensure the precise conveyance of the original information. To achieve this goal, translators need to flexibly employ various techniques and strategies during the translation process to compensate for the formal differences between the two languages. By analyzing shifts in translation materials and examining typical cases, the following conclusions can be drawn. First of all, translation shifts frequently occur in Chinese-English translation materials, involving various types of shifts, totaling up to 611, to a certain extent indicating the applicability of shifts theory in explaining C-E translation. Secondly, level shifts occur between different language levels of Chinese and English, particularly common between the levels of grammar and vocabulary. Thirdly, in category shifts, structure shift is the most common type, appearing 289 times, accounting for 47% of all category shifts, mainly dealing with translation issues caused by different structures in E-C translation. Meanwhile, class shifts and unit shifts also have significant representation, 25% and 27% of the total respectively. Finally, different shifts are not isolated, and the same case can be analyzed and explored from various perspectives.

       Based on the theory of translation shifts proposed by Catford, this paper categorizes and quantifies the shift phenomena in C-E translation practice, analyzing and summarizing their common manifestations and applications. The aim is to ensure that translations conform to the norms and conventions of the target language and accurately convey the content of the original text. Through statistical data and case analysis, it is believed that the theory of translation shifts is highly applicable in explaining the process of translating academic texts from Chinese to English. It is hoped that the translation strategies and methods discussed in this report can provide assistance and reference for future academic research in translation theory.