轴向柱塞泵是航空航天配套液压传动系统的核心动力元件。随着高端装备中轴向柱塞泵向高转速、大流量方向发展，由磨损和泄漏引起的效率损失问题变得日益突出。轴向柱塞泵中的摩擦副磨损积累，是导致其效率下降至到寿的主要原因。轴向柱塞泵摩擦副的磨损与润滑特性、表面形貌、运行工况及几何结构等因素密切相关。这些因素不仅复杂多样，还直接关系到柱塞泵的工作效率与可靠性。针对上述问题，论文主要研究内容如下：

首先，分析了轴向柱塞泵的结构组成及运行原理；针对配流盘结构，使用图形解析法将配流盘结构参数化，建立了配流盘吸排油腔、阻尼槽等结构参数与过流面积的函数关系；建立了轴向柱塞泵容积效率模型，以容积效率为失效判定条件，分析了摩擦副参数变化对泄漏流量及容积效率的影响。

其次，分别基于AMESim和ADAMS软件建立了轴向柱塞泵的液压模型和动力学模型，其中，通过将配流盘过流面积数据文件导入AMESim配流副元件，模拟配流副实际功能； 通过FMU（Functional Mock-up Unit，功能模型单元）建立了轴向柱塞泵的机械液压联合仿真模型；模型输出的出口压力和出口流量等与理论值一致，验证了联合仿真模型的准确性；联合仿真模型输出的压力、流量等参数用于后续计算与研究。

然后，选择轴向柱塞泵中易发生磨损且泄漏流量最大的配流副作为研究对象，使用有限差分法对极坐标下的雷诺方程进行求解并得到配流副油膜压力分布，结合弹性力学方程计算得到变形分布，建立了配流副流固耦合模型；根据缸体与配流盘受力特点，综合考虑动、静压支承、热楔效应、挤压效应以及表面粗糙峰接触模型等，建立了描述油膜厚度变化的微分方程，并解出了一个周期内油膜厚度的变化曲线；通过对配流副进行润滑机理分析，获知配流副润滑方式为混合润滑，主要磨损方式为磨粒磨损；基于粘弹性磨损模型和Archard模型建立了配流副磨损模型，并提出了基于磨损楔形角更新的配流副磨损计算流程；在以上工作的基础上，进行了1000小时磨损仿真，得到配流副总楔形角随时间增长的线性退化模型，进一步计算得到泄漏流量和容积效率随时间的变化关系，根据容积效率91%的失效判定准则得到柱塞泵在该工况下的寿命为21515小时。

最后，结合本文中建立的AMESim­-ADAMS轴向柱塞泵联合仿真模型、配流副流固耦合模型、油膜厚度微分方程、平面润滑磨损模型等，提出运行工况、油液属性、材料属性及表面形貌共4类12个不确定性参数，进行蒙特卡洛仿真，得到轴向柱塞泵寿命分布样本并使用两参数威布尔分布进行可靠性分析，得到其平均寿命为20925小时；考虑到通过配流盘优化设计能降低缸体对配流盘的压紧力脉动，提高最小油膜厚度，降低磨损延长柱塞泵使用寿命，以压紧力脉动率最小为主要目标，以流量脉动率最小为次要目标，基于NSGA-Ⅱ（Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II，第二代非支配排序遗传算法）算法对配流盘7个结构参数进行双目标优化，优化后压紧力脉动率降低了51.47%，流量脉动率降低了16.33%，油膜厚度最小值提高14.61%；对优化后模型进行仿真得到轴向柱塞泵寿命样本并进行可靠性评估，优化后其寿命同样服从两参数威布尔分布，平均寿命为23832小时，比优化前提高了13.89%。

Axial piston pumps are the core power components of aerospace hydraulic transmission systems. As these pumps in high-end equipment are developed towards higher speeds and larger flow rates, efficiency loss due to wear and leakage has become increasingly prominent. The accumulation of wear in the friction pairs of axial piston pumps is the primary reason for their efficiency decline until the end of their service life. The wear of friction pairs in axial piston pumps is closely related to factors such as lubrication characteristics, surface topography, operating conditions, and geometric structure. These factors are not only complex and diverse but also directly affect the working efficiency and reliability of the pumps. In response to these issues, the main research contents of the paper are as follows:

Firstly, the structural composition and operational principles of axial piston pumps were analyzed. For the valve plate structure, a graphic analytical method was used to parameterize its structure, establishing a functional relationship between the structure parameters of the valve plate, such as the suction and discharge chambers and damping grooves, and the flow area. This method provides the advantages of fast calculation speed and ease of subsequent design improvements for the valve plate structure. A volumetric efficiency model for the axial piston pump was established, using volumetric efficiency as the failure criterion to analyze the impact of changes in friction pair parameters on leakage flow and volumetric efficiency.

Secondly, hydraulic and dynamic models of the axial piston pump were developed using AMESim and ADAMS software, respectively. By importing the valve plate flow area data files into the AMESim valve plate component, the actual function of the valve plate was simulated. A mechanical-hydraulic co-simulation model of the axial piston pump was established using Functional Mock-up Unit (FMU). The simulation results, including piston displacement and velocity, outlet pressure, and outlet flow, were consistent with theoretical values, verifying the accuracy of the co-simulation model. The pressure, flow, and clamping force of the cylinder block against the valve plate output from the co-simulation model serve as the basis for subsequent calculations.

Then, the valve plate, which is prone to wear and has the largest leakage flow in the axial piston pump, was selected as the research subject. The finite difference method was used to solve the Reynolds equation in polar coordinates to obtain the pressure distribution of the oil film in the valve plate, and combining with the elasticity equation, the deformation distribution was calculated, establishing a fluid-structure interaction model for the valve plate. Considering the force characteristics of the cylinder block and valve plate, and integrating dynamic and static pressure support, thermal wedge effect, squeeze effect, and a surface asperity contact model, a differential equation describing the variation of oil film thickness was established, and the variation curve of oil film thickness over one cycle was solved. By analyzing the lubrication mechanism of the valve plate, it was found that the lubrication mode is mixed lubrication, with abrasive wear as the main wear mode. Based on viscoelastic wear model and Archard's model, a wear model for the valve plate was established, and a wear calculation process based on the updating of the wear wedge angle was proposed. Based on this work, a 1000-hour wear simulation was conducted, resulting in a linear degradation model of the total wedge angle of the valve plate over time, and further calculating the relationship between leakage flow and volumetric efficiency over time. Using a volumetric efficiency failure criterion of 91%, the service life of the pump under these conditions was determined to be 21,515 hours.

Finally, combining the AMESim-ADAMS co-simulation model of the axial piston pump, the fluid-structure interaction model of the valve plate, the differential equation for oil film thickness, and the planar lubrication wear model established in the paper, 12 uncertainty parameters across four categories (operating conditions, oil properties, material properties, and surface morphology) were proposed. Monte Carlo simulation was performed to obtain the life distribution sample of the axial piston pump, and reliability analysis was conducted using a two-parameter Weibull distribution, resulting in an average life of 20,925 hours. Considering that optimizing the valve plate design can reduce the pulsation of the clamping force of the cylinder block against the valve plate, increase the minimum oil film thickness, reduce wear, and extend the service life of the pump, a dual-objective optimization of seven structural parameters of the valve plate was performed using the NSGA-II (Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II), targeting minimal clamping force pulsation rate as the primary objective and minimal flow pulsation rate as the secondary objective. After optimization, the clamping force pulsation rate decreased by 51.47%, the flow pulsation rate decreased by 16.33%, and the minimum oil film thickness increased by 14.61%. Reliability simulation of the optimized model yielded a life sample for the axial piston pump, and reliability assessment showed the life still follows a two-parameter Weibull distribution, with an average life of 23,832 hours, representing a 13.89% improvement compared to before optimization.

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